Does social prescribing work? Read the evidence

There are a growing number of robust evaluations on the economic impact of social prescribing. Findings from studies using five different methods show that social prescribing can have a positive economic impact, including reducing pressure on the NHS a delivering return on investment.

NASP commissioned a rapid scoping review to identify and collate existing resources that aim to support the evaluation of social prescribing activities, particularly within the VCFSE sector, assess the appropriateness and quality of these resources and determine the need for an additional toolkit. 

There is emerging evidence to show the benefits of social prescribing for children and young people, particularly for those aged over 17, on personal and mental wellbeing, including loneliness. 

As the proportion of older people in our population continues to rise, it is important that the health and social care system is able to meet their needs. Social prescribing can support older people with poverty in five main ways: supporting food insecurity; supporting fuel poverty; supporting financial management; supporting digital inclusion; supporting social vulnerability.

The evidence consistently shows a positive link between better health and wellbeing and time spent taking part in arts, heritage and cultural activities. The UK is considered a leader in 'Arts on Prescription' and there is a growing demand for home and community based arts and culture related activities. 

A referral to take part in physical activity can lead to a wide range of benefits, including improvements in physical and mental health, increased patient empowerment, and a reduction in health service use and costs.

A key part of social prescribing is to help people deal with practical issues. Support with finance, social welfare and legal advice has been shown to have a positive impact on health and wellbeing. 

Nature-based social prescribing can have positive effects on health and wellbeing. The reduction in loneliness and development of a nature connection was particularly found in people likely to be experiencing health
inequalities.

Social prescribing can deliver a wide range of positive outcomes for people who are experiencing many different social and health problems, for example by reducing loneliness and enhancing mental and physical health. What’s more, it can improve social connections and overall wellbeing too. However, more research is needed to demonstrate its long-term impact.  

Social prescribing can save costs and reduce pressure on primary care. The evidence about its impact on secondary care is inconclusive, but some studies do report reduced secondary care use. Evidence suggests the return on investment is favourable.  

Current evidence shows a range of different funding models for social prescribing. These reflect that funding can come from the private, public, and charitable sectors. The most effective funding approaches seem to involve a range of local partners working together. It is important to acknowledge the challenges this can present.  

Social prescribing can engage with people of all age groups. Reasons for referral often include mild-to-moderate mental health difficulties, loneliness and social isolation. Studies of show some demographic differences, with nearly twice as many women than men currently using these services. Not many studies report on the use of social prescribing by children under the age of 16.